Everything you need to know about proteins. Some of the most frequently asked questions are as follows:- Q.1. What are proteins? Ans: A protein is a macromolecule composed of one or more polypeptide chains, each with a characteristic sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. The cells of organisms contain thousands of different proteins each with a different function [...]
In this article we will discuss about the co-linearity between genes and proteins. The most convincing demonstration of the relationship between genes and their product proteins came from two separate investigators, one by C. Yanofsky and his colleagues working on the tryptophan synthetase system in E. coli, the other from Sarabhai and his team who were studying bacteriophage. Yanofsky (1967) [...]
A mRNA may be associated with several ribosomes (polysomes) in a cell actively engaged in protein synthesis. The process takes place in 4 major steps namely activation of amino acids, chain initiation, elongation and termination. Each step is controlled by specific enzymes and cofactors. Step # 1. Activation of Amino Acids: The amino acids are activated by a class of [...]