In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Meaning of Transposable Elements 2. Nomenclature of Transposable Elements 3. Classes. Meaning of Transposable Elements: For a long time it was assumed that the genes have fixed chromosomal locations. Genetic recombination is a common process of a cell within which exchange between the homologous DNA sequences takes place. Over the past few [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Origin of Spontaneous Mutations 2. Evidence for Spontaneous Mutation 3. Random Nature 4. Mutation Rates. Origin of Spontaneous Mutations: Mutation involves changes in DNA. Several mechanisms are known that bring about alterations in DNA. These modifications may arise from error in DNA replication, damage to DNA from radiation. Errors occur during replication [...]
In this article we discuss about the expression of mutations. The expression of mutation can be observed only when there occurs a detectable and altered phenotype. If a mutation occurs from a most prevalent wild type to a mutant form, it is called forward mutation. In forward mutation, a second mutation may take place resulting in appearance of a wild [...]