The structure of proteins can be altered by three types of mutations: 1. Point Mutations: Point mutations involve addition, deletion or replacement of base pair in a gene. 2. Chromosomal Mutations: Addition or deletion of DNA cause mutations during crossing over. 3. Jumping genes also cause change in protein structure by shuffling their location from one chromosome to another. The [...]
Two types of mutagens are considered here which are mostly affected the humans producing different mutations resulting in a number of abnormalities: 1. Radiation Exposure 2. Chemical Mutagenesis. Type # 1. Radiation Exposure: High energy radiation or ionising radiation produces a genetic alteration or mutation at a very low dose also. It has been shown experimentally that a low dose [...]
The below mentioned article provide notes on reverse mutation. When a mutation changes the wild type normal genotype to a mutant type, as is more often the case, the event is called a forward mutation. This is in contrast to reverse mutations in which the mutant genotype changes to the original wild type. In micro-organisms auxotrophs reverting to prototrophs are [...]