In this article we will discuss about: 1. Introduction to Ionising Radiation 2. Measuring Ionising Radiation 3. Effects. Introduction to Ionising Radiation: Due to their shorter wavelength, X-rays and gamma rays penetrate tissues deeper than visible and UV light. They can impart enough localised energy to absorbing tissue to ionize atoms and molecules. When a highly energetic wave moving at [...]
Various tests have been devised for detecting spontaneous mutations in a population. Some of them are: 1. Replica Plating 2. Mutation Rates in Maize Endosperm and Drosophila 3. Detection of Mutations in Micro-Organisms. Test # 1. Replica Plating: In 1946 Luria and Delbrueck noticed one of the first cases of spontaneous mutation in a bacterial population. When E. coli cells [...]
In this article we will discuss about the history and induction of mutations. History of Mutation: The sudden heritable changes in genes, other than those due to Mendelian segregation and recombination constitute mutations. The idea of mutation first originated from observations of a Dutch botanist Hugo de Vries (in the 1880's) on variations in plants of Oenothera lamarckiana (evening primrose) [...]