The following points highlight the four methods to detect and isolate mutants. The methods are: 1. Replica Plating Technique 2. Resistance Selection Method 3. Substrate Utilization Method 4. Carcinogenicity Test. 1. Replica Plating Technique: Lederberg and Lederberg (1952) have given replica plating technique. This technique is used to detect auxotrophic mutants which differentiates between mutants and wild type strains on [...]
Notani and Setlow (1974) have described the mechanism of bacterial transformation. Moreover, in S. pneumoniae the competent state is transient and persists only for a short period. The competent state is induced by the competence activator protein of molecular weight of 1,000 Dalton. It binds to the plasma membrane of receptor and triggers the synthesis of 10 new proteins within [...]
Some procedures applied for gene cloning in eukaryotes are described in this context: 1. Transformation of Filamentous Fungi 2. Gene Transfer through Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium 3. Gene Transfer through Gene Gun 4. Gene Bank or Genomic Library. 1. Transformation of Filamentous Fungi: Like bacteria, transformation of filamentous fungi has also been demonstrated. Hinnen (1978) first described transformation of protoplasts of [...]