The following points highlight the eight important steps in maturation of proteins. The steps are: 1. Protein folding and Chaperones 2. Enzymes in Protein Folding 3. Protein Cleavage 4. Glycosylation 5. Modification by Lipids 6. Protein Degradation 7. The Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway 8. Lysosome Mediated Proteolysis. Step # 1. Protein Folding and Chaperones: The experiments of Anfinsen and collaborators half a [...]
The Genetic Code: The four letter language of nucleic acids is translated into the twenty letter language of the proteins viz the genetic code. The early genetic experiments indicated that each amino acid is coded for by a certain number of successive nucleotides in DNA. The best way of deciphering the genetic code therefore would be to compare the nucleotide [...]
In this article we will discuss about the introduction and stability of mRNA. Introduction to Messenger RNA (mRNA): The existence of messenger RNA (mRNA) playing the intermediate role of RNA in protein synthesis was postulated by Jacob and Monod in 1961. Before that RNA in ribosomes was thought to perform the function of mRNA. The prevailing notion was, one gene [...]