The following points highlight the top four applications of gene technology. The applications are: 1. Production of Pharmaceuticals 2. Diagnosis of Diseases 3. Insect Pest Control 4. Use of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms for Control of Pollution. Application # 1. Production of Pharmaceuticals: The production of medically useful human peptides and proteins (e.g. human growth hormones, insulin, somatostatin and interferon) are [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Origin of Spontaneous Mutations 2. Evidence for Spontaneous Mutation 3. Random Nature 4. Mutation Rates. Origin of Spontaneous Mutations: Mutation involves changes in DNA. Several mechanisms are known that bring about alterations in DNA. These modifications may arise from error in DNA replication, damage to DNA from radiation. Errors occur during replication [...]
In this article we discuss about the expression of mutations. The expression of mutation can be observed only when there occurs a detectable and altered phenotype. If a mutation occurs from a most prevalent wild type to a mutant form, it is called forward mutation. In forward mutation, a second mutation may take place resulting in appearance of a wild [...]