In this article we will discuss about the fixatives, stains and staining schedules used for anatomical studies of plant. Fixatives: A large number of chemicals such as ethyl alcohol, formalin, acetic acid, chloroform, mercuric chloride, chromic acid, picric acid, osmic acid, etc. are used singly or in combinations as fixatives for anatomical studies (For principle of fixation — see Cytology [...]
The term electrophoresis describes the migration of a charged particle under the influence of an electrical field. Many important biomolecules — such as peptide, proteins nucleotides and nucleic acids — possess ionisable groups and, therefore, at any given pH, exist in solution as electrically charged species either as cations (+) or anions (-). Under the influence of an electric field [...]
A number of plants develop unique adaptive modifications to overcome the various environmental stress. These modifications include alteration of gross morphological features as well as anatomical structures. Some examples of anatomical changes are given: A. Loaf Anatomy of Nerium sp. (Fig. 8.1): The T.S. view of Nerium leaf shows the following layers of tissues: 1. Epidermis: Both upper and lower [...]