In this article we will discuss about the history and induction of mutations. History of Mutation: The sudden heritable changes in genes, other than those due to Mendelian segregation and recombination constitute mutations. The idea of mutation first originated from observations of a Dutch botanist Hugo de Vries (in the 1880's) on variations in plants of Oenothera lamarckiana (evening primrose) [...]
The following points highlight the three types of point mutation. The types are: 1. Non-Sense Mutations 2. Missense Mutation 3. Silent Mutation. Type # 1. Non-Sense Mutations: Non-sense mutation is one type of point mutation. There are 64 codons that code for amino acid out of which three codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) are known as termination codons that do not [...]
In this article we will discuss about the chemical and physical types of mutagens. 1. Chemical Mutagens: Singer and Kusmierek (1982) have published an excellent review on chemical mutagenesis. Some of the chemical mutagens and mutagenesis are given in Table 9.3, and described below: i. Base Analogues: A base analogue is a chemical compound similar to one of the four [...]