In this article we will discuss about:- 1. History and Design of Fermenters 2. Basic Functions of Fermenters 3. Types 4. Construction 5. Design and Operation 6. Aseptic Operation and Containment 7. Batch Fermentation 8. Fed-Batch Fermentation 9. Continuous Fermentation 10. Scale-Up of Fermentations. History and Design of Fermenters: De Becze and Liebmann (1944) used the first large scale (above [...]
Industrial fermentation processes require two most important stages to complete product fermentation. These are up-stream process and down-stream process, which are abbreviated as USP and DSP respectively. Stage # 1. Up-Stream Process: This process comprises of obtaining a desired microorganism, and its improvement so as to enhance the productivity and yield. It also includes the maintenance of strain purity, preparation [...]
The following points highlight the top six methods that are used for preservation of organisms. The methods are: 1. Agar Slant Culture 2. Agar Slant Culture Covered with Oil 3. Saline Suspension 4. Preservation at Very Low Temperature 5. Preservation by Drying in Vacuum 6. Lyophilization or Freeze Drying. Method # 1. Agar Slant Culture: Agar slants are prepared in [...]