In this article we will discuss about the structure of cytokines with its suitable diagram. 1. Cytokines are proteins or glycoproteins which normally have a molecular mass of less than 30 KDa. 2. Structural predictions suggest that cytokines belong to haematopoietins, included in the haematopoietin family of interleukins (2-7, 9, 11-13 and 15) GM-CSF, G-GSF, leukomia- inhibitory factor (LIF) and [...]
TH cells play a central role in the immune response. These cells are specially prolific cytokine producers. Once activated by an antigen, they can use these chemical messengers to induce the formation of TC cells, activate macrophages and formation of many antibodies by B-cells. Functions of TH cell are as follows in the next page (Fig. 10.4): 1. An APC [...]
In this article we will discuss about the active and passive immunity of cell-mediated. 1. Active Immunity: On the basis of immunity acquired, active immunity may be natural or artificial. i. Natural active immunity: It results from either a clinical or an in-apparent subclinical infection by a microbe after repeated exposure to small doses of the infecting organism, which passes [...]