Recombinant DNA technology can be used in the diagnosis of several diseases. Most of the tools and techniques are involved in the construction of probes, i.e., short segments of single stranded DNA attached to a radioactive or fluorescent marker. Such probes are now used for identification of infectious agents, such as food poisoning Salmonella, pus forming Staphylococcus, hepatitis B virus, [...]
In this article we will discuss about plant and animal cloning. In plants, agronomically important traits are governed by the genetic information stored in the nuclear and organellar (i.e., chloroplasts and mitochondria) genome and gene transfer can be done in all these genomes. However, gene transfer in organelles specially in mitochondria is relatively difficult as compared to nuclear genetic transformation. [...]
The following points highlight the five main types of cloning. The types are: 1. Microbial Cloning 2. Gene Cloning 3. Cell Cloning 4. Plant Cloning 5. Organismal Cloning. Type # 1. Microbial Cloning: From very ancient times, it is known that a variety of microbes such as bacteria and yeast (fungus) are helpful in making a large number of products, [...]