The following points highlight the three major derivatives of abnormal hemoglobin. The derivatives are: 1. Met-hemoglobin 2. Sulfhemoglobin 3. Carboxyhemoglobin. Derivative # 1. Met-hemoglobin: a. This is an oxidized hemoglobin (ferrous iron is oxidized to ferric iron). Oxygen is in firm combination. b. It is incapable of functioning as an oxygen carrier. Cyanosis usually develops when the concentration of it [...]
The following points highlight the top two types of Porphyrias:- 1. Congenital Porphyrias 2. Acquired Porphyrias Type # 1. Congenital Porphyrias: A. Erythropoietic porphyria. B. Erythropoietic pro-to-porphyria. C. Erythropoietic coproporphyria. D. Hepatic porphyria. (a) Acute intermittent porphyria. (b) Porphyria variegata. (c) Hereditary coproporphyria. (d) Porphyria cutanea tarda. A. Erythropoietic Porphyria: i. Highly increased excretion of uroporphyrin I and, to a [...]
Isozymes: Definition, Occurrence and Characteristics! Definition of Isozymes: The enzymes that occur in a number of different forms and differ from each other chemically, immunologically and electrophoretically are called "Isoenzymes" or "isozymes". Occurrence of Isozymes: Isozymes are present in the serum and tissues of mammals, amphibians, birds, insects, plants and unicellular organisms. Examples: Isozymes of numerous dehydrogenases, and several oxidases, [...]