In this article we will discuss:- 1. Definition of Plasmids 2. Physical Nature and Copy Number of Plasmids 3. Properties 4. Incompatibility 5. Types 6. Replication 7. Plasmid Curing 8. Use of Plasmids as Coning Vectors. Definition of Plasmids: In addition to bacterial chromosome (nucleoid), bacterial cells normally contain genetic elements in their cytoplasm. These genetic elements exist and replicate [...]
The following points highlight the top nine features of a bacterial cell. The features are: 1. Pili or Fimbria 2. Flagella and Locomotion 3. Endo-Flagella 4. Glycocalyx 5. Pros-theca 6. Cell Wall 7. Cytoplasmic Membrane 8. The Cytoplasm 9. Spores and Cysts. Feature # 1. Pili or Fimbriae: The surface of many bacteria, particularly that of Gram-negative ones, is covered [...]
In this article we will discuss about the Structure of Bacterial Cell. Bacteria (sing. bacterium) are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which divide by binary fission. They do not possess nuclear membrane and the nucleus consists of a single chromosome of circular double-stranded DNA helix (Fig. 1.1). Flagella: These are long filamentous, cytoplasmic appendages, 12-30 μm in length, protruding through the cell [...]