The below mentioned article provides biology notes on Fern. Adiantum (Maiden Hair Fern) and Dryopteris (Male Shield Fern) are the two common ferns that are found in moist shady places in tropical, subtropical and temperate areas. Adiantum is also observed to occur under bridges, water courses and walls of old well. Plant body is a perennial independently living evergreen sporophyte [...]
In this article we will discuss about the cryptogams and phanerogams divisions of plant kingdom. I. Cryptogams: Cryptogams never bear flowers and reproduce by some minute bodies called spores, or by simple fission. They are again divided into three groups: (a) Thallophyta: A thallophyte is that plant where the plant body is an undifferentiated mass of cells (thallus), having nothing [...]
The below mentioned article provides a practical experiment on the inoculation of plant pathogen. Principle: Plant pathogen can be artificially inoculated, into a host and thereafter incubated for colonisation and spread of pathogen. The pathogenic infection thereafter can be detected by the symptomatic expression. Requirements: 1. Culture slant of a pathogen 2. Potato tuber 3. Cork-borer 4. Inoculating needle 5. [...]