In this article we will discuss about the three main plant hormone signalling involved in differential development and other physiological process in plants:- 1. Cytokinin Signalling 2. Auxin Signalling 3. Gibberellin Signalling. 1. Cytokinin Signalling: Cytokininis have been registered as one of the key plant hormones involved in differential development and other physiological process in plants, such as cell division, [...]
Generally, isolation of protoplast is categorized into mechanical and enzymatic. Also learn about the techniques involved in the isolation of leaf mesophyll protoplast. Mechanical Method: This method is crude and oldest method for protoplast isolation. It is only an historical perspective. It involves chopping and plasmolysis of tissues. Time consuming and low yield of protoplast are the main constraints in [...]
Fusion of protoplasts can be accomplished by two distinct methods like chemical fusion and electro-fusion (Fig. 10.1). Earliest method known as mechanical fusion, where protoplasts are forced to fuse under applied pressure within the pipette. Protoplast in suspension can undergo spontaneous fusion in cultural conditions. Method # 1. Chemical Fusion of Protoplast: Chemicals such as sodium nitrate, polyethylene glycol and [...]