Industrial fermentation processes require two most important stages to complete product fermentation. These are up-stream process and down-stream process, which are abbreviated as USP and DSP respectively. Stage # 1. Up-Stream Process: This process comprises of obtaining a desired microorganism, and its improvement so as to enhance the productivity and yield. It also includes the maintenance of strain purity, preparation [...]
The following points highlight the three methods for culture maintenance which seems to be generally used in the fermentation industries: 1. Preservation of Culture by Drying 2. Maintenance of Cultures by Storage with Limited Metabolic Activity 3. Preservation by Lyophilization. Method # 1. Preservation of Culture by Drying: These are different methods of drying of cultures given below: (a) Dried [...]
In this article we will discuss about the improvement of microbial strains for better production of products. 1. Methods of Strain Improvement: A mutant requiring oleic acid for neomycin formation by Streptomyces fradiae showed a decrease in the intracellular level of neomycin precursors in the mutant. On the other hand supersensitive mutants of β-lactam antibiotics are another example. Recent approaches [...]