The mechanism of protein synthesis is complicated and requires the following molecules and organelles: 1. Amino Acids: Amino acids are the raw materials for the synthesis of proteins. All naturally occurring proteins are polymers of about 20 amino acids. These amino acids occur in the matrix forming the 'amino acid pool'. 2. DNA: The DNA of the nucleus, mitochondria or [...]
In this article we will discuss about the discovery and special features of genetic code. Once the role of DNA as a hereditary material was established, it was clear that DNA contained the information for the formation of protein molecules or polypeptides. The sequence of purines and pyrimidines bases along the DNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids in [...]
The mechanism of protein synthesis has been studied thoroughly in E.coli. The process of protein synthesis on 70S ribosomes is described in detail below. The summary of the various steps in the mechanism of protein synthesis is shown in (Fig. 13). Step 1 — Transcription: One strand of DNA molecule functions as a template for the formation of mRNA. This [...]