In this article we will discuss about the interrelation between phenotype and genotype. Genotype is the genetic makeup of the individual. It is decided by the genes, which are inherited from the parents. Phenotype is what is expressed. Genes as well as environment, both are responsible for the phenotype. This can be understood by the following example. If we have [...]
The mechanism of protein synthesis is complicated and requires the following molecules and organelles: 1. Amino Acids: Amino acids are the raw materials for the synthesis of proteins. All naturally occurring proteins are polymers of about 20 amino acids. These amino acids occur in the matrix forming the 'amino acid pool'. 2. DNA: The DNA of the nucleus, mitochondria or [...]
In this article we will discuss about the discovery and special features of genetic code. Once the role of DNA as a hereditary material was established, it was clear that DNA contained the information for the formation of protein molecules or polypeptides. The sequence of purines and pyrimidines bases along the DNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids in [...]