In this article we will discuss about the determination of DNA sequence. The sequence of bases A, T, G, and C in genes and whole genome can provide useful information for understanding gene structure and organisation, encoded protein and cell behaviour. The first complete nucleotide sequence of an entire viral genome (φX174) was determined in 1977 in the laboratory of [...]
DNA sequencing has provided a new approach for studying evolutionary relationships, since: 1. All organisms have a genome 2. The genes that code for vital cellular functions are conserved to a remarkable degree through evolutionary time 3. Even these genes accumulate random changes with time (usually in the regions that are not vital for function). In this respect the gene [...]
This article throws light upon the three principles of identification of DNA sequence. The three principles are: (1) Nucleic Acid Hybridization (2) DNA Probes and (3) DNA Chip-Microarray of Gene Probes. Principle # 1. Nucleic Acid Hybridization: Hybridization of nucleic acids (particularly DNA) is the basis for reliable DNA analysis. Hybridization is based on the principle that a single-stranded DNA [...]