In this article we will discuss about the molecular structure of centromere. Eukaryotic chromosomes possess a segregational device called centromere which is responsible for the chromosomc movement during cell division. Chromosome fragments without a centromere (acentric fragments) are unable to move to any of the poles during cell division; as a result, they are excluded from the daughter nuclei and [...]
In this article we will discuss about the structure and synthesis of telomere. Structure of Telomere: Molecular genetic studies have shown that the telomere consists of several short sequences which are tandemly repeated (Table 8.8). The general formula for the composition of the repeating units in one strand of the telomeres of all the eukaryotes is as follows: 5' Cn [...]
In this article we will discuss about the chemical composition of chromatin. Chromatin is composed of DNA (30-40%), RNA (1-10%) and proteins (50-60%). These constituents vary in different organisms and even in the different tissues of the same species (Table 8.2). Even in the same call, the proportions of DNA, RNA and proteins vary with the stage of cell cycle. [...]