Learn about the comparison between Entamoeba Histolytica and Plasmodium Vivax.
Comparison # Entamoeba Histolytica:
1. Disease caused by Entamoeba Histolytica is termed as Amoebiasis which leads to ulcer.
2. Entamoeba Histolytica is found in the colon of man and many vertebrates. This intercellular parasite invades other vital organs in case of heavy infection.
3. Entamoeba Histolytica exists in two forms—trophic and cystic. Trophic forms measure 20-30 micra. Nucleus in stained preparations shows a central endosome and peripheral granules near the membrane. Nucleus measures 3-6 micra. Pseudopodia occur as blunt projections. Food vacuoles contain haemoglobin, cysts measure 6-20 micra. Nucleus of the cyst measures 3-6 micra. Glycogen and chromatoid bars as reserve food occur in cysts.
4. Trophic forms of Entamoeba Histolytica become encysted. The nucleus of the cyst divides twice forming a tetra-nuclear cyst. After breaking the cyst wall in the intestine of another man eight trophic individuals are formed. Excystment occurs in 12-18 hours time. There is no sexual reproduction.
5. Cysts of Entamoeba Histolytica come out along with the faeces of infected man. Fly carries the cysts from faeces to food of human beings or man becomes infected by drinking contaminated water.
Comparison # Plasmodium Vivax:
1. Disease caused by Plasmodium Vivax is termed as Benign tertian malaria.
2. Plasmodium Vivax is found inside the red blood corpuscle and liver parenchymal cells of man. Sexual forms inside the gut and infective forms (sporozoite) in the salivary gland of female Anopheles mosquito.
3. Plasmodium Vivax appears different at different stages. Sporozoites which are introduced into the blood stream are slender and spindle-shaped having small nucleus. Inside RBC the sporozoites become transformed into Trophozoites. Trophozoites appear as rings having a cavity inside or they may assume amoeboid shape.
Often retractile light brown pigments are found in their cytoplasm. Merozoites are small and some of the merozoites give rise to gametocytes. Male gametocytes are small, measure 6-8 micra and take light stain. They undergo exflagellation. Female gametocytes measure 8-10 micra and take deep stain.
4. Reproduction in Plasmodium Vivax is very complicated. Asexual reproduction in man through Schizogony and Merogony. Sexual reproduction through anisogamy followed by sporogony occurs in mosquito. There is no cyst formation.
5. Transmission occurs through the bite and introduction of sporozoites in the blood stream of man by female Anopheles mosquito. Gametocytes develop in the gut of mosquito. After fertilisation the ookinete undergoes sporogony. Sporozoites take shelter in the salivary gland of mosquito and are introduced into the blood stream during biting.