In this article we will discuss about the replication of genetic RNA. Several viruses and bacteriophages contain single- or double-stranded RNA as their genetic material (Table 3.1). Replication of these RNA chromosomes occurs in the host cytoplasm following one of the two modes given below: (i) Direct use of RNA template for RNA synthesis (RNA RNA) by the enzyme -'RNA [...]
The following points highlight the four main stages involved in synthesis of RNA. The stages are: 1. Binding of RNA Polymerase to DNA 2. Initiation of Transcription 3. Elongation of RNA chain 4. Termination of Transcription. Stage # 1. Binding of RNA polymerase to DNA: RNA polymerase binds to the "promoter site" on the DNA molecule. The promoter site is [...]
In this article we will discuss about the non-genetic RNA. Non-genetic RNAs (tRNA, rRNA, mRNA) are synthesized on DNA templates through the process of transcription. The enzyme involved in transcription is "DNA dependent RNA polymerase", or simply "RNA polymerase". In E. coli, a single RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of all kinds of RNAs. In eukaryotes, there are at least [...]