Ribosomes involved in protein synthesis could lie free in the cytoplasm or are bound to membranes of endoplasmic reticulum. Free ribosomes synthesise protein without a signal sequence, and continue synthesis until the polypeptide is completed. Such a protein may assume its three-dimensional conformation with the help of chaperones present in the cytosol. Some of the important destinations for proteins synthesised [...]
The processed RNA molecules take part in protein synthesis with the help of ribosomes. All the three types of RNAs are involved in protein synthesis in the following main steps: (i) Activation of amino acids, (ii) Transfer of amino acid to tRNA, (iii) Initiation of protein synthesis, (iv) Elongation of the polypeptide chain. During the process of translation the genetic [...]
The following points highlight the six main stages involved in protein synthesis of prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. The stages are: 1. Amino Acid Activation and Formation of Amino Acyl-t-RNA 2. Binding of m-RNA to the Ribosome 3. Formation of Initiation Complex 4. Polypeptide Chain Elongation 5. Polysomes 6. Co Transcriptional Translation. Stage # 1. Amino Acid Activation and Formation of [...]