Morphological characteristics of pollen grains have been categorised into different groups: 1. Pollen Units 2. Polarity 3. Symmetry 4. Shape 5. Size 6. Apertures 7. Sub-Divisions of the Pollen Surface 8. Sporoderm Stratification 9. Exine Ornamentation 10. 'LO' Analysis. Characteristic # 1. Pollen Units: The pollen grains are produced within the anther of the flower. Pollen mother cells originate from [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Meaning of Self-Incompatibility 2. Molecular Basis 3. Determinants 4. Significance. Meaning of Self-Incompatibility: Self-incompatibility or intraspecific incompatibility is a well-designed genetic mechanism by which certain plants recognize and reject their own pollen thus forcing outbreeding. It is defined as "inability of the plant producing functional gametes to set seed upon self-pollination",. Lundqvist [...]
The following points highlight thirteen methods to overcome self-incompatibility in plants. The methods are: 1. Bud Pollination 2. Mixed Pollination 3. Deferred Pollination 4. Test Tube Pollination 5. Stub Pollination 6. Intra-Ovarian Pollination 7. In Vitro Pollination 8. Use of Mentor Pollen 9. Elevated Temperature Treatment 10. Irradiation 11. Surgical Method 12. Application of Chemicals 13. Protoplast Fusion. Method # [...]