In this article we will discuss about the composition of sporopollenin in spores and pollen. Sporopollenin is the major component of exine of spores and pollen. 'It is most extraordinarily resistant material known in the organic world'. It is extremely resistant to non-oxidative chemicals, enzymes and strong chemical reagents. It is chemically stable and remains unchanged in pollen grains that [...]
In this article we will discuss about the layers of the spore and pollen wall. Sporoderm stratification (Erdtman's concept): Sporoderm (L. sporodermis), i.e. the spore and pollen wall is composed of distinct layers or subdivisions, the sequence of which is as follows from outside inwards in a fresh pollen grain and spore. Sclerine (Gr. Scleros means hard-Fig. 4.1 A & [...]
LO-analysis is a means to elucidate the details of sexine pattern on the basis of light microscopic observations of a pollen grain and spore at different adjustments of the microscope. The ultra thin section (0.1-0.5 micron thick) and optical section of a pollen grain provide details of sexine. The term optical section refers to the view of a pollen grain [...]