The method generally employed for the evaluation of germicides is to rate them according to their phenol coefficients. In addition to this, a number of newer methods have been proposed, which are designed to measure the toxicity of germicides for tissue as well as for the test bacteria. 1. Phenol-Coefficient Method: The phenol-coefficient test was first proposed by Rideal and [...]
Here is a list of fifteen main chemical agents that can kill infection causing organisms:- 1. Preservatives 2. Acids 3. Nitrates and Nitrites 4. Alkalies 5. Salts 6. Reducing Agents 7. Oxidizing Agents 8. Phenols and Cresols 9. Alcohols 10. Glycols 11. Dyes 12. Mercury Compounds 13. Soaps 14. Surface-active Agents and Synthetic Detergents 15. Sulfonamides. Chemical Agent # 1. [...]
Certain properties make microorganisms well suited for industrial processes. Microorganisms not only possess a broad variety of enzymes to make an array of chemical conversions possible, but they also have a relatively high metabolic activity that permits conversions to take place rapidly. In addition, they have a large surface area for quick absorption of nutrients, and release of end-products. Moreover, [...]