In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Meaning of Transcription 2. Mechanism of Transcription 3. Transcription in Eukaryotes. Meaning of Transcription: Transcription is the process by which a complementary RNA strand is synthesised from a specific region of DNA. The three different types of RNA are transcribed from different regions of DNA. The genes that transcribe mRNA are called [...]
The mechanism of protein synthesis is complicated and requires the following molecules and organelles: 1. Amino Acids: Amino acids are the raw materials for the synthesis of proteins. All naturally occurring proteins are polymers of about 20 amino acids. These amino acids occur in the matrix forming the 'amino acid pool'. 2. DNA: The DNA of the nucleus, mitochondria or [...]
The structure of proteins can be altered by three types of mutations: 1. Point Mutations: Point mutations involve addition, deletion or replacement of base pair in a gene. 2. Chromosomal Mutations: Addition or deletion of DNA cause mutations during crossing over. 3. Jumping genes also cause change in protein structure by shuffling their location from one chromosome to another. The [...]