In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction to Probability 2. Rules of Probability 3. Probability and Human Genetics 4. Binomial Expansions 5. Multinomial Distributions. Introduction to Probability: The numbers of individuals in each ratio result from chance segregation of genes during gamete formation, and their chance combinations to form zygotes. Since these are chance events, accurate predictions about [...]
In this article we will discuss about the presence of DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts. The presence of organelle-specific DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts was identified with certainty over three decades ago. The occurrence of a specific chloroplast DNA was first demonstrated by Chun et al. in 1963, and of mitochondrial DNA a year later by Luck and Reich (1964). [...]
The failure of pollen formation results in male sterile plants. In some crop plants male sterile mutants occur in which inheritance of male sterility follows one of the following two patterns: those in which the trait is inherited through a single recessive chromosomal gene segregating in Mendelian ratios; secondly, those that show maternal transmission. Rhoades in 1933 described maternal inheritance [...]