In this article we will discuss about the normal and abnormal haemoglobins. I. Normal Haemoglobin: Haemoglobin consists of 4 polypeptide (globin) chains each associated with a single haem group. There are 5-6 types of haemoglobins normally present at different stages of life, from zygote to adulthood. The embryonal haemoglobins (HbE) are heterogeneous and designated Gower-1, Gower-2 and Portland. In the [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Defects in Amino Acid Metabolism 2. Defects in Lipid Metabolism 3. Defects in Sugar Metabolism 4. Defects in Purine Metabolism 5. Defects in Metabolism of Sulphur-Containing Amino Acids. 1. Defects in Amino Acid Metabolism: a. Albinism: The condition is due to lack of melanin pigments caused by the absence of tyrosinase enzyme. [...]
In this article we will discuss about the mechanism of formation of somatic cell hybrids. It had been known since the 60's that somatic cells from the same or different species in culture could spontaneously fuse to form polyploid cells. The product of fusion was called homokaryon if the two parental cells came from the same species, and heterokaryon or [...]