Top 8 Factors Affecting Venous Return | Cardiovascular System
The following points highlight the top eight factors affecting venous return. The factors are: 1. Pressure Gradient 2. Vis-a-Tergo 3. Vis-a-Fronte 4. Skeletal Muscle Pump 5. Thoracic Pump 6. Abdominal Pump 7. Venomotor Tone 8. Posture and Gravity. Factor # 1. Pressure Gradient: The pressure in the right atria (central venous pressure) into which the superior and inferior vena cavae [...]