In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Subject-Matter of Genetic Code 2. Degeneracy of Genetic Code 3. Universality of the Genetic Code. Subject-Matter of Genetic Code: The information stored in DNA is in the form of code. DNA contains 4 bases, A, T, G and C, whereas, proteins are made of 20 different amino acids. Therefore, the genetic code [...]
The following points highlight the three main steps involved in mechanism of protein synthesis. The steps are: 1. Initiation of Protein Synthesis 2. Elongation of Polypeptide 3. Termination of Protein Synthesis. Mechanism of Protein Synthesis: Step # 1. Initiation of Protein Synthesis: (i) Amino Acid Activation: The amino acid (AA) is activated by the enzyme "aminoacylsynthetase", and energy is provided [...]
The below mentioned article provides a study note on bacterial genomes. Bacteria are very small unicellular organisms that do not contain nuclear envelope, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, mitotic apparatus and nucleolus etc., and divide by fission. Bacteria have a rigid cell wall which surrounds their cytoplasmic membrane. Their cytoplasm contains ribosomes. mesosomes and several granular inclusions. About 1/5 of the cell [...]