The below mentioned article provides a study note on viral genomes. Viruses are a special class of infectious agents that are so small that they can be viewed only under electron microscope. A complete "viral particle" or "virion consists of a block of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat and, sometimes by an additional membranous envelope. [...]
The following points highlight the two main ways of representing chromosome set of species. The ways are: 1. Karyogram 2. Idiogram or Idiotype. Representing Chromosome: Way # 1. Karyogram: Photomicrographs of the chromosomes of a single representative somatic metaphase cell are clipped out and arranged in homologous pairs according to their size. If the chromosomes are small and there is [...]
The following points highlight the four main types of permanently specialized chromosomes. The types are: 1. Nucleolar Chromosomes 2. Sex Chromosomes 3. B Chromosomes 4. Chromosomes with Diffuse or Multiple Centromeric Regions. Permanently Specialized Chromosomes: Type # 1. Nucleolar Chromosomes: The chromosome forming the nucleolus (plural = nucleoli) is called the nucleolar chromosome. Normally one or more chromosomes in the [...]