In this article we will discuss about Electron Transport System (ETS) in living organisms. Catabolism of energy-giving substrates (mostly glucose) up to the stage of pyruvic acid through EMP or EDP yields comparatively small amount of energy in the form of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation. The anaerobic organisms have to be satisfied with this small amount of energy. But the [...]
The following points highlight the three main heterotrophic reactions operating in different living systems. The reactions are: 1. Reactions in which NADPH2 is Required 2. Reactions Requiring ATP 3. Reactions Requiring no Apparent Energy Source. 1. Reactions in which NADPH2 is Required: Two examples of this type are malic enzyme catalysed CO2 incorporation in pyruvic acid, and synthesis of isocitric [...]
The following points highlight the five main types of fermentation. The types are: 1. Alcoholic Fermentation 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation 3. Propionic Acid Fermentation 4. Butyric Acid — Butanol Fermentation 5. Mixed Acid Fermentation. Type # 1. Alcoholic Fermentation: Alcoholic fermentation generally means production of ethanol (CH3CH2OH). Commonly yeasts, particularly Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are used for production of various alcoholic beverages, [...]