In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction to Buffer Systems of Blood 2. Hemoglobin Buffers 3. Chloride Shift. Introduction to Buffer Systems of Blood: 1. Venous blood carries more CO2 than arterial blood. Hence, the pH of venous blood is more acid than that of arterial blood by 0.01-0.03 units i.e. pH 7.40 and 7.43, respectively. 2. The [...]
The following points highlight the top five processes for diffusion of gases in the lungs. 1. When the gases of the inspired air come in contact with the alveolar membrane of the lung, the exchange of gases takes place following the usual laws of diffusion. Thus, the gas passes into the blood through the membrane. 2. The gas pressure in [...]
The following points highlight the four main types of hypoxia. The types are: 1. Hypoxic Hypoxia 2. Anemic Hypoxia 3. Stagnant Hypoxia 4. Histo-toxic Hypoxia. Type # 1. Hypoxic Hypoxia: This is characterized by normal oxygen capacity but diminished oxygen tension in the arterial blood with the result of varying degree of hemoglobin unsaturation. (a) High Altitude: Hypoxia is caused [...]