Essay on Chlorine:- 1. Physiological Functions of Chlorine 2. Sources of Chlorine 3. Distribution 4. Daily Requirement 5. Blood Chlorine 6. Absorption 7. Excretion 8. Disease State.

Contents:

  1. Essay on the Physiological Functions of Chlorine
  2. Essay on the Sources of Chlorine
  3. Essay on the Distribution of Chlorine
  4. Essay on the Daily Requirement of Chlorine
  5. Essay on the Blood Chlorine
  6. Essay on the Absorption of Chlorine
  7. Essay on the Excretion of Chlorine
  8. Essay on the Disease State of Chlorine


Essay # 1. Physiological Functions Chlorine:

a. As a component of sodium chloride, chlo­ride ion is essential in acid-base equili­brium.

b. As chloride ion, it is also essential in water balance and osmotic pressure regulation.

c. It is also important in the production of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice.

d. Chloride ion is important as an activator of amylase.

Essay # 2. Sources of Chlorine:

It is mainly available as sodium chloride.

Essay # 3. Distribution of Chlorine:

Essay # 4. Daily Requirement of Chlorine:

The requirements of NaCl depend on the climate and occupation and on the salt content of the diet. Foods of animal origin contain more NaCl than those of vegetable origin.

The daily requirement in tropical countries is given below:

Excessive consumption of NaCl causes edema in protein deficiency and increases blood pressure in hypertension patients.

Essay # 5. Blood Chlorine:

The normal level of CI in serum is 98-110 mEq/L. In man, erythrocytes contain smaller amounts of CI. The distribution of CI between plasma and erythrocytes is related to that of HCO3. The CI con­tent of whole blood is relatively high in anemia and relatively low in polycythemia. The serum CI may fall during active gastric secretion of HCl.

Essay # 6. Absorption of Chlorine:

Normally, CI is practically completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Essay # 7. Excretion of Chlorine:

CI is chiefly eliminated in the urine. It is also ex­creted in the sweat. It is lost more during excessive sweating in hot climates under hard work. Its con­centration in sweat is decreased by aldosterone.

Essay # 8. Disease State of Chlorine:

a. Chloride deficit also occurs when losses of sodium are excessive in diarrhea, sweat­ing and certain endocrine disturbances.

b. There is a loss of chloride in the loss of gastric juice by vomiting or in pyloric or duodenal obstruction.

c. Hypochloremic alkalosis may develop in Cushing’s disease or after the administra­tion of ACTH or cortisone.


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