The followings points highlight the three main types of wood. The types are: 1. Sissoo 2. Sal 3. Teak.
Type # 1. Sissoo (Hindi – Shisham):
Botanical Name:
Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.
Family:
Papilionaceae
1. A large-sized tree planted along roadsides for shade and for its precious wood.
2. It ranks amongst the finest Indian woods used for cabinet and furniture works.
3. It is used for bent-wood articles, calico-printing blocks, picture frames, musical instruments, boat building, tool handles, hookah, etc.
4. Wood it also used for charcoal making.
5. Its wood pulp is used for making good quality of writing and printing paper.
Type # 2. Sal:
Botanical Name:
Sborea robusia Gaertn.
Family:
Dipterocarpaceae
1. Sal wood ranks second to teak in importance and is widely used for construction work and for railway sleepers.
2. It is also used for ship building, furniture, cabinet works, musical instruments, etc.
3. Saldammar, an oleoresin obtained on tapping its trunk, is used in making paints and varnishes
4. Saldammar is also used for preparing shoe polishes, carbon papers, typewriter ribbons, and as an ingredient of samagri which is burnt in religious ceremonies.
5. Saldammar is used as a cementing material for plywood’s, asbestos sheets and also for similar purposes in building boats and shops.
6. Sal trees serve as good host for tasar silkworms.
7. Leaves of sal trees are also sometimes used for making Bidies.
Type # 3. Teak (Hindi – Sagwan):
Botanical Name:
Tectona grandis L.
Family:
Verbenaceae
1. This large tree is distributed widely in central India, Bihar and Western Peninsula.
2. Wood is used on a very large scale in building ships, bridges, railway sleepers, furniture and cabinet work and for making high class models.
3. It is also used for musical instruments including body of Harmonium, Violin keys and long neck of Sitars.
4. Several types of plywood and blackboards are made from teak wood.
5. Its wood-waste is used for making particle board, fibre board, chip board and plastic board.