The following points highlight the four main types of hypoxia. The types are: 1. Hypoxic Hypoxia 2. Anemic Hypoxia 3. Stagnant Hypoxia 4. Histo-toxic Hypoxia. Type # 1. Hypoxic Hypoxia: This is characterized by normal oxygen capacity but diminished oxygen tension in the arterial blood with the result of varying degree of hemoglobin unsaturation. (a) High Altitude: Hypoxia is caused [...]
In this article we will discuss about the Causes of Disturbances and Role of Acid-Base Balance. Causes of Disturbances in Acid-base Balance: A. Metabolic Acidosis: 1. It occurs in uncontrolled diabetes with ketosis. 2. It occurs in some cases of vomiting when the fluids lost are not acid. 3. It also occurs in renal disease, poisoning by an acid salt, [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction to Buffer Systems of Blood 2. Hemoglobin Buffers 3. Chloride Shift. Introduction to Buffer Systems of Blood: 1. Venous blood carries more CO2 than arterial blood. Hence, the pH of venous blood is more acid than that of arterial blood by 0.01-0.03 units i.e. pH 7.40 and 7.43, respectively. 2. The [...]