In this article we will discuss about the maturation of mRNA from HnRNA. In higher organisms, within the nucleus, heterogenous nuclear RNA (HnRNA) or high molecular weight RNA (HMW RNA) or DNA-like-RNA (dRNA) is synthesized. These molecules are larger than mRNA and used in cytoplasm. Polymerase-I is added at 3'-end of HnRNA. Subsequently mRNA molecule is released when HnRNA having [...]
In this article we will discuss about the synthesis and degradation of amino acids. When a protein is hydrolyzed as many as 20 amino acids of different kinds are produced. These are protein amino acids. In addition non-protein amino acids are also present but they do not form structural components of proteins. The details of chemical name, molecular weight and [...]
In this article we will discuss about the translation of amino acid to tRNA in cytoplasm. (i) Activation of Amino acids: Amino acids must be necessarily activated before their involvement in peptide synthesis (Fig. 4-10). The process is accomplished by the binding of an amino acid to ATP enzymatically and its consequent transference to tRNA. (ii) Transfer of amino acid [...]