This category includes alcohols and alkyl halides that act non- specifically as local anaesthetics for certain application. They do not constitute routinely used local anaesthetic agents, and most possess actions in addition to some local anaesthetic activities. i. Ethanol: Ethanol applied to skin and allowed to evaporate acts as a refrigerant. Mucosal applications are irritating due to dehydration, and precipitation [...]
This article throws light upon the three main factors affecting local anaesthetic action. The factors are: 1. Type of Nerve Fibre 2. pH and pKa 3. Potentiators. Factor # 1. Type of Nerve Fibre: Small (thinner) nerve fibres such as thinner sensory and postganglionic sympathetic fibres (C-type) and preganglionic sympathetic fibres (B-type) are most sensitive to conduction blockade by local [...]
This article throws light upon the seventeen major classical local anaesthetics. They are: 1. Cocaine 2. Procaine 3. Chloroprocaine 4. Tetracaine (Amethocaine) 5. Lidocaine (Lignocaine) 6. Mepivacaine 7. Bupivacaine 8. Hexylcaine 9. Proparacaine (Proxymetacaine) 10. Oxybuprocaine (Benoxinate) 11. Benzocaine (Ethyl Amino Benzoate) 12. Butamben (Butylaminobenzoate) 13. Cinchocaine (Dibucaine) and few others. 1. Cocaine: Local anaesthetic potency is 3 times (range [...]