In this article we will discuss about the mechanisms of regulation of transcription in higher eukaryotes. In E. coli, the RNA polymerase holoenzyme (with sigma factor) contains all the information needed to accurately initiate transcription given proper promoter signals (-35 recognition sequence plus -10 Pribnow box). However, RNA polymerase II of eukaryotes, which transcribes most of the protein- encoding nuclear [...]
In this article we will discuss about the intercellular communication in multicellular eukaryotes. In multicellular eukaryotes, the mechanisms that control cell division and cell growth are even more complex because a new dimension intercellular communication must play a major role. Each tissue within an organ and each organ within the body of an organism must grow to the proper size [...]
In this article we will discuss about the five main DNA repair mechanisms that are studied in eukaryotes. The mechanisms are: 1. Photo-Reactivation or Photo-Repair 2. Dark or Excision Repair 3. Nucleotide Excision Repair 4. Mismatch Repair 5. Post-Replication Repair. Mechanism # 1. Photo-Reactivation or Photo-Repair: This mechanism was discovered when bacteria that had been heavily irradiated with UV rays [...]