Conjugated proteins are proteins that contain non-protein constituents or prosthetic groups. The prosthetic groups are permanently associated with the molecule, usually through covalent and/or non-covalent linkages with the side chains of certain amino acids. Conjugated proteins can be divided into three major classes: (1) Chromo proteins (2) Glycoproteins (3) Lipoproteins, and (4) Nucleoproteins. 1. Chromo proteins: The chromo proteins are [...]
Fundamental Properties of Helical Polypeptides: Among the diverse shapes that can be assumed by polypeptide chains is a helical shape; in fact, helically arranged polypeptides are fundamental to the shape of many fibrous and most globular proteins. To understand the properties of helical polypeptides, let us first consider the general properties of a geometric helix. Three parameters define the geometry [...]
One of the body's most important defense mechanisms against infection is the production by the reticuloendothelial tissues of a class of proteins called antibodies or immunoglobulin's. These proteins circulate in the bloodstream, where they make up part of the "gamma globulin" fraction of blood plasma. The production of the immunoglobulin's is stimulated by chemical substances, called antigens, present in or [...]