The following points highlight the five major pathways in organisms. The pathways are: 1. Glycolysis 2. Pentose Phosphate Pathway 3. Entner-Doudoroff Pathway 4. Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle 5. Glyoxylate Cycle. Metabolic Pathway # 1. Glycolysis: Glycolysis (glyco-sugar of sweet, lysis-breakdown) is the initial phase of metabolism during which the organic molecule glucose and other sugar are partially oxidized to smaller molecules [...]
Some amino acids have been produced in Japan by bacterial fermentation since 1950. Their biosynthesis is now possible by genetically manipulating and physiologically altering the microorganism. Corynebacterium glutamicum and Brevibacterium flavum are involved in the synthesis of L-lysine and L-threonine from a common intermediate, aspartic acid. The regulatory mutants of bacteria produce lysine in sufficient amount. Such bacteria eliminate the [...]
In this article we will discuss about the biosynthesis of various amino acids:- 1. Glutamic Acid Family 2. Aspartic Acid Family 3. α-Alanine, Serine, Glycine and Cysteine 4. Valine and leucine 5. Aromatic Amino Acids: Tyrosine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan 6. Histidine. 1. Glutamic Acid Family: Glutamic acid is the main pathway for assimilation of ammonia by reductive amination of α-keto glutaric [...]