In this article we will discuss about the mechanism of formation of CO2 with the help of suitable diagrams. We have seen that hydration of CO2 occurs in the blood and the mechanism can be represented as CO2 + H2O ↔ H++ HCO3. Further the H+ is buffered by reduced Hb within the RBC and by plasma buffers outside the [...]
The air as it enters the lungs meets with two types of resistances: 1. Elastic Resistance 2. Non-Elastic Resistance. Type # 1. Elastic Resistance: Elastic resistance is exerted by the elastic tissue of the lung parenchyma and surface tension of intra-alveolar fluid. Elastic tissues of the lungs obey Hooke's law which means that change in volume of lungs is directly [...]
The expansion of the lungs during inspiration follows the enlargement of the thoracic cavity in all its diameters by the contraction of the respiratory muscles. These are mentioned below: 1. Diaphragm: A dome-shaped muscle separating the abdominal wall from the thoracic cavity, with vertically running fibres at the periphery and horizontally running fibres at the centre ending in the central [...]