The following factors affect excitability and contractility and therefore alter in various ways, the nature of the simple muscle curve: Factor # 1. Strength and Duration of Stimuli: For stimulation to occur, two factors are necessary—a minimum strength and an adequate duration of the stimulus. Chronaxie, which includes both these factors is the measure of excitability of a tissue. Factor [...]
In this article we will discuss about the mechanism of formation of CO2 with the help of suitable diagrams. We have seen that hydration of CO2 occurs in the blood and the mechanism can be represented as CO2 + H2O ↔ H++ HCO3. Further the H+ is buffered by reduced Hb within the RBC and by plasma buffers outside the [...]
The air as it enters the lungs meets with two types of resistances: 1. Elastic Resistance 2. Non-Elastic Resistance. Type # 1. Elastic Resistance: Elastic resistance is exerted by the elastic tissue of the lung parenchyma and surface tension of intra-alveolar fluid. Elastic tissues of the lungs obey Hooke's law which means that change in volume of lungs is directly [...]