Introduction to Heart Sound: There are two classical sounds of heart in humans, known as the first and the second sounds (Fig. 7.56). They can be easily detected with a Stethoscope. Two other sounds have also been described - the third and the fourth - which, though difficult to detect clinically, are constantly found in graphic records. The first and [...]
In this article we will discuss about the structure of small intestine with the help of suitable diagrams. From outside inwards, the arrangement of the layers is same, i.e., the serous coat, the muscular coat, composed of outer longitudinal and inner circular, the submucous coat the layer of muscularis mucosae consisting of outer longitudinal and inner circular layers and lastly [...]
Absorption is the process by which the end products of digestion pass through the intestinal epithelium and enter the blood stream. Attempts have been made to explain the mechanism of absorption on the basis of known physico-chemical principles. The following factors are believed to be involved in the process: i. Diffusion: This depends upon the relative concentration of the substances [...]