In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Definition and Effects of Haemorrhage 2. Role of Atrial and Ventricular Receptors and the Sino-Aortic Baroreceptors in Haemorrhage 3. Compensatory Changes. Definition and Effects of Haemorrhage: Escape of blood, from ruptured blood vessels is called haemorrhage. The effects of haemorrhage depend on the amount and rapidity of blood loss, and the efficiency [...]
Introduction to Heart Sound: There are two classical sounds of heart in humans, known as the first and the second sounds (Fig. 7.56). They can be easily detected with a Stethoscope. Two other sounds have also been described - the third and the fourth - which, though difficult to detect clinically, are constantly found in graphic records. The first and [...]
In this article we will discuss about the structure of oesophagus with the help of a suitable diagram. The mucous membrane of it consists of stratified squamous epithelium. Just under the mucous membrane, there is another very thin layer of plain muscle, called museularis mucosae. Then comes the inconspicuous submucous coat. It consists of collagenous and elastic fibres. Together with [...]