Here is a list of disorders of cardiovascular system. Disorder # 1. Atrial Fibrillation: Pathophysiology: Atrial fibrillation is observed in many cardiac disorders. Atrial ectopic rate is 350 to 600 per minute. There is varying degree of atrioventricular block. Ventricular response being totally irregular. It was believed formerly that circus movement may cause this irregular rhythm. Atria might have several [...]
In this article we will discuss about:- 1. Introduction and Structure of Smooth Muscle 2. Types of Smooth Muscle 3. Properties 4. Characteristics 5. Contraction. Introduction and Structure of Smooth Muscle: Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped (2 to 10 m diameter and 50 to 400 m in length), have single nucleus and are capable of cell division. They lack cross [...]
In this article we will discuss about the changes that take place in the fetal circulation of blood at birth: 1. Primary Changes in Pulmonary and Systemic Vascular Resistance 2. Closure of the Foramen Ovale 3. Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus 4. Closure of the Ductus Venosus. 1. Primary Changes in Pulmonary and Systemic Vascular Resistance: First, loss of the [...]