The lymph nodes draining the head and neck are classified into superficial and deep nodes. Superficial lymphatics follow superficial veins while deep lymphatics follow arteries. I. Superficial Nodes: Drain superficial tissues of head and neck. A. Circular Group: Arranged in the form of a circle round the neck called "Pericervical collar". It includes: (a) Submental Nodes: Lie in submental triangle. [...]
In this article we will discuss about the extent and relations of cervical sympathetic trunk. Extent of Cervical Sympathetic Trunk: From base of skull to the neck of first rib. Preganglionic fibres arise from upper thoracic part of spinal cord - lateral horn cells (T1-T5). Relations of Cervical Sympathetic Trunk: Anterior: Carotid sheath with its content. Posterior: Prevertebral muscles and [...]
Waldeyer’s ring is a collection of lymphoid tissue or follicles in the upper part of digestive system. This ring is formed by: Superiorly- Pharyngeal tonsils or Adenoids. Inferiorly- Lingual tonsil. Laterally- Palatine tonsils and tubal tonsils. I. Pharyngeal Tonsil: Lie postero superiorly under the mucous membrane of the roof and adjoining posterior wall of nasopharynx. II. Lingual Tonsil: This is [...]