In this article we will discuss about the evolution of exon structure. Average cellular gene is vertebrates contains about eight exons and detail analysis of human gene has yielded a classification scheme for exons according to their transcriptional or translational boundaries. According to this scheme there are 12 different categories which are: (i) 5' terminal un-translated exons. (ii) 3' terminal [...]
In this article we will discuss about the rolling cycle method of DNA replication in φ X 174. All circular genomes do not follow the same pattern of replication described in E. coli. In some bacteriophages (phi, lambda and phi X 174), in mitochondrial chromosomes and during bacterial mating an alternative method known as the rolling circle has been demonstrated. [...]
In this article we will discuss about the presence of DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts. The presence of organelle-specific DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts was identified with certainty over three decades ago. The occurrence of a specific chloroplast DNA was first demonstrated by Chun et al. in 1963, and of mitochondrial DNA a year later by Luck and Reich (1964). [...]