The first descriptions of the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells appeared between 1840 and 1880, but it was not until 1888 that Waldeyer introduced the term chromosome ("colored body") for these structures. Chromosomes are composed of chromatin, which readily binds basic stains. Because the chromatin is highly condensed during cell division, the chromosomes are easily seen and described by light microscopy. [...]
Kinds of Chromosomes: Lampbrush, Polytene and Supernumerary! [I] Lampbrush chromosomes: These are the largest known chromosomes found in the yolk rich oocytic nuclei of certain vertebrates such as fishes, amphibians, reptiles and birds. They can be seen with naked eye and are characterized by fine lateral loops, arising from the chromomeres, during first prophase (diplotene) of meiosis. Image Courtesy [...]
Read this article to get information about the chemical composition of Chromosomes! The major chemical components of the chromosome are DNA, RNA (nucleic acids), and proteins (histones and nonhistones). There is, in addition, calcium, which seems to be associated with the DNA (Barton, 1951, Mazia, 1954a). Calcium is important in binding sections of the chromosome together (Mazia, Steffensen, 1955). DNA, [...]
